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3d gelma tooth bud constructs  (BioMimetic Therapeutics)

 
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    BioMimetic Therapeutics 3d gelma tooth bud constructs
    Comparative elastic moduli of gelatin methacrylate <t>(GelMA)</t> constructs and natural porcine dental tissues. (a) GelMA Gel formulae with corresponding GelMA and photoinitiator concentrations (% w/v). Elastic moduli of (b) unseeded GelMA constructs, (c) porcine dental epithelial (pDE)–porcine dental mesenchymal (pDM) cell-encapsulated GelMA constructs, and (d) natural porcine dental tissues. Dental cell-seeded Gel 3 had similar elastic modulus to that of pDM tissue. Bar graphs represent average ± SD (n = 3). ND, not determined (elastic modulus below detection level). ***p ≤ 0.001; ANOVA followed by Sidak s comparison
    3d Gelma Tooth Bud Constructs, supplied by BioMimetic Therapeutics, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/3d gelma tooth bud constructs/product/BioMimetic Therapeutics
    Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    3d gelma tooth bud constructs - by Bioz Stars, 2026-03
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    1) Product Images from "Developing a biomimetic tooth bud model"

    Article Title: Developing a biomimetic tooth bud model

    Journal: Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

    doi: 10.1002/term.2246

    Comparative elastic moduli of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) constructs and natural porcine dental tissues. (a) GelMA Gel formulae with corresponding GelMA and photoinitiator concentrations (% w/v). Elastic moduli of (b) unseeded GelMA constructs, (c) porcine dental epithelial (pDE)–porcine dental mesenchymal (pDM) cell-encapsulated GelMA constructs, and (d) natural porcine dental tissues. Dental cell-seeded Gel 3 had similar elastic modulus to that of pDM tissue. Bar graphs represent average ± SD (n = 3). ND, not determined (elastic modulus below detection level). ***p ≤ 0.001; ANOVA followed by Sidak s comparison
    Figure Legend Snippet: Comparative elastic moduli of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) constructs and natural porcine dental tissues. (a) GelMA Gel formulae with corresponding GelMA and photoinitiator concentrations (% w/v). Elastic moduli of (b) unseeded GelMA constructs, (c) porcine dental epithelial (pDE)–porcine dental mesenchymal (pDM) cell-encapsulated GelMA constructs, and (d) natural porcine dental tissues. Dental cell-seeded Gel 3 had similar elastic modulus to that of pDM tissue. Bar graphs represent average ± SD (n = 3). ND, not determined (elastic modulus below detection level). ***p ≤ 0.001; ANOVA followed by Sidak s comparison

    Techniques Used: Construct, Comparison

    Capillary-like network formation within in vitro-cultured porcine dental mesenchymal (pDM)–human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) constructs. (a,b) pDM–HUVEC Gel 3 construct and (c) porcine dental epithelial (pDE)-HUVEC Gel 3 construct. Vascular network formation was observed in pDM–HUVEC GelMA Gel 3 constructs after 4 weeks of in vitro culture (a, arrows). Confocal analyses revealed organized pDM–HUVEC structures (b). No capillary-like formation was observed in pDE–HUVEC constructs (c). Bar: (a,c) 50μm (b) 10 μm.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Capillary-like network formation within in vitro-cultured porcine dental mesenchymal (pDM)–human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) constructs. (a,b) pDM–HUVEC Gel 3 construct and (c) porcine dental epithelial (pDE)-HUVEC Gel 3 construct. Vascular network formation was observed in pDM–HUVEC GelMA Gel 3 constructs after 4 weeks of in vitro culture (a, arrows). Confocal analyses revealed organized pDM–HUVEC structures (b). No capillary-like formation was observed in pDE–HUVEC constructs (c). Bar: (a,c) 50μm (b) 10 μm.

    Techniques Used: In Vitro, Cell Culture, Construct

    Parallel in vitro and in vivo bioengineered three-dimensional gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. (a) Schematic of construct fabrication. (b) Experimental timeline. (c–j) Harvested in vivo implanted GelMA tooth bud constructs. Representative bright field images of replicate in vivo GelMA constructs harvested after 3 weeks (c–f) or 6 weeks (g–j) implantation. (c’–j’) Radiographic images of corresponding bright field images indicate mineralized tissue formation (arrows) in 3-week and 6-week constructs. Bar: 2 mm. DE, dental epithelial cell; DM, dental mesenchymal cell; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Parallel in vitro and in vivo bioengineered three-dimensional gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. (a) Schematic of construct fabrication. (b) Experimental timeline. (c–j) Harvested in vivo implanted GelMA tooth bud constructs. Representative bright field images of replicate in vivo GelMA constructs harvested after 3 weeks (c–f) or 6 weeks (g–j) implantation. (c’–j’) Radiographic images of corresponding bright field images indicate mineralized tissue formation (arrows) in 3-week and 6-week constructs. Bar: 2 mm. DE, dental epithelial cell; DM, dental mesenchymal cell; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell.

    Techniques Used: In Vitro, In Vivo, Construct

    Dental cell and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) distribution within in vivo gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. (a–c) Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining revealed high cellularity and the development of bone-like tissue over time. E-cadherin (Ecad)-expressing porcine dental epithelial (pDE) cells (d–f, d’–f’ arrows) and vimentin (VM)-expressing porcine dental mesenchymal (pDM) cells (g–i, g’–i’ arrows) were detected throughout the constructs. CD31-expressing HUVECs were also detected throughoutthe constructs (j–l, j’–l’) and contributed to vascular networks in 3-weekand 6-week in vitro-cultured constructs (k’,l’ arrows ). (d’–l’) Higher magnifications of boxed regions in d–l. Bar: (a–l) 200 μm, (d’–l’) 50 μm.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Dental cell and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) distribution within in vivo gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. (a–c) Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining revealed high cellularity and the development of bone-like tissue over time. E-cadherin (Ecad)-expressing porcine dental epithelial (pDE) cells (d–f, d’–f’ arrows) and vimentin (VM)-expressing porcine dental mesenchymal (pDM) cells (g–i, g’–i’ arrows) were detected throughout the constructs. CD31-expressing HUVECs were also detected throughoutthe constructs (j–l, j’–l’) and contributed to vascular networks in 3-weekand 6-week in vitro-cultured constructs (k’,l’ arrows ). (d’–l’) Higher magnifications of boxed regions in d–l. Bar: (a–l) 200 μm, (d’–l’) 50 μm.

    Techniques Used: In Vivo, Construct, Staining, Expressing, In Vitro, Cell Culture

    Dental cell differentiation within in vivo gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. A–i Immunohistochemical analyses of tooth and bone specific markers in 1-, 3- and 6-week in vivo constructs. The odontoblast differentiation marker dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) was detected throughout the constructs at each time-point (a–c, a’–c’). Odontoblast/osteoblast differentiationmarker osteocalcin (OC) expression increased overtime invivo (d–f, d’–f’).Ameloblast differentiationmarker amelogenin (AM) was detected throughout the constructs at all times (g–i, g’–i’). (a’–i’) Higher magnification images of boxed regions in a–i. Bar: (a–i) 200 μm, (a’–i’) 50 μm.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Dental cell differentiation within in vivo gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. A–i Immunohistochemical analyses of tooth and bone specific markers in 1-, 3- and 6-week in vivo constructs. The odontoblast differentiation marker dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) was detected throughout the constructs at each time-point (a–c, a’–c’). Odontoblast/osteoblast differentiationmarker osteocalcin (OC) expression increased overtime invivo (d–f, d’–f’).Ameloblast differentiationmarker amelogenin (AM) was detected throughout the constructs at all times (g–i, g’–i’). (a’–i’) Higher magnification images of boxed regions in a–i. Bar: (a–i) 200 μm, (a’–i’) 50 μm.

    Techniques Used: Cell Differentiation, In Vivo, Construct, Immunohistochemical staining, Marker, Expressing

    Schematic of bioengineered neovascular formation in gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. (a) Cross-sectional and (b) longitudinal schematic along with a (c) color-coded key depicting the organization of normal blood vessel, in vitro-cultured GelMA construct capillary network formation, and neovascularization and mineralization of in vivo implanted GelMA constructs. AM, amelogenin; DSPP, dentin sialophosphoprotein; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell; OC, osteocalcin; pDE, porcine dental epithelial cell; pDM, porcine dental mesenchymal cell.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Schematic of bioengineered neovascular formation in gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. (a) Cross-sectional and (b) longitudinal schematic along with a (c) color-coded key depicting the organization of normal blood vessel, in vitro-cultured GelMA construct capillary network formation, and neovascularization and mineralization of in vivo implanted GelMA constructs. AM, amelogenin; DSPP, dentin sialophosphoprotein; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell; OC, osteocalcin; pDE, porcine dental epithelial cell; pDM, porcine dental mesenchymal cell.

    Techniques Used: Construct, In Vitro, Cell Culture, In Vivo



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    3d gelma tooth bud constructs  (BioMimetic Therapeutics)
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    BioMimetic Therapeutics 3d gelma tooth bud constructs
    Comparative elastic moduli of gelatin methacrylate <t>(GelMA)</t> constructs and natural porcine dental tissues. (a) GelMA Gel formulae with corresponding GelMA and photoinitiator concentrations (% w/v). Elastic moduli of (b) unseeded GelMA constructs, (c) porcine dental epithelial (pDE)–porcine dental mesenchymal (pDM) cell-encapsulated GelMA constructs, and (d) natural porcine dental tissues. Dental cell-seeded Gel 3 had similar elastic modulus to that of pDM tissue. Bar graphs represent average ± SD (n = 3). ND, not determined (elastic modulus below detection level). ***p ≤ 0.001; ANOVA followed by Sidak s comparison
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    3d gelma biomimetic tooth bud constructs  (BioMimetic Therapeutics)
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    BioMimetic Therapeutics 3d gelma biomimetic tooth bud constructs
    A. DE and DM cells were seeded on thermo-responsive plates and cultured in normal DE and DM media, respectively, for 14 days. DE and DM CSs were detached by temperature reduction (20ºC) and layered over <t>GelMA</t> constructs to create experimental <t>3D</t> tooth bud constructs (CSG = DE and DM CSs layered over dental cells encapsulated in GelMA; G = GelMA alone). For in vivo analyses, replicate constructs were cultured in osteogenic media for 4 days and implanted subcutaneously onto the backs of the rats. B. Bioengineered 3D CS - GelMA tooth bud model. The bottom layer mimics the pulp organ (5% GelMA encapsulating DM cells) and the top layer mimics the enamel organ (3% GelMA encapsulating DE cells). The DE and DM CS layers mimic polarized DE-DM cell layers normally observed in developing teeth. C. Steps used to prepare the constructs. DM cells (3×107 cells/ml) were re-suspended in 100 μL of 5% GelMA and photo-crosslinked. DM and DE cell sheets were layered over the polymerized DM 5% GelMA. DE cells (3×107 cells/ml) re-suspended in 100 μL 3% GelMA and 100 μL, layered over construct and photo-crosslinked.
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    Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
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    Image Search Results


    Comparative elastic moduli of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) constructs and natural porcine dental tissues. (a) GelMA Gel formulae with corresponding GelMA and photoinitiator concentrations (% w/v). Elastic moduli of (b) unseeded GelMA constructs, (c) porcine dental epithelial (pDE)–porcine dental mesenchymal (pDM) cell-encapsulated GelMA constructs, and (d) natural porcine dental tissues. Dental cell-seeded Gel 3 had similar elastic modulus to that of pDM tissue. Bar graphs represent average ± SD (n = 3). ND, not determined (elastic modulus below detection level). ***p ≤ 0.001; ANOVA followed by Sidak s comparison

    Journal: Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

    Article Title: Developing a biomimetic tooth bud model

    doi: 10.1002/term.2246

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparative elastic moduli of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) constructs and natural porcine dental tissues. (a) GelMA Gel formulae with corresponding GelMA and photoinitiator concentrations (% w/v). Elastic moduli of (b) unseeded GelMA constructs, (c) porcine dental epithelial (pDE)–porcine dental mesenchymal (pDM) cell-encapsulated GelMA constructs, and (d) natural porcine dental tissues. Dental cell-seeded Gel 3 had similar elastic modulus to that of pDM tissue. Bar graphs represent average ± SD (n = 3). ND, not determined (elastic modulus below detection level). ***p ≤ 0.001; ANOVA followed by Sidak s comparison

    Article Snippet: Biomimetic 3D GelMA tooth bud constructs provide a promising model for the eventual development of functional, bioengineered replacement teeth of specified size and shape.

    Techniques: Construct, Comparison

    Capillary-like network formation within in vitro-cultured porcine dental mesenchymal (pDM)–human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) constructs. (a,b) pDM–HUVEC Gel 3 construct and (c) porcine dental epithelial (pDE)-HUVEC Gel 3 construct. Vascular network formation was observed in pDM–HUVEC GelMA Gel 3 constructs after 4 weeks of in vitro culture (a, arrows). Confocal analyses revealed organized pDM–HUVEC structures (b). No capillary-like formation was observed in pDE–HUVEC constructs (c). Bar: (a,c) 50μm (b) 10 μm.

    Journal: Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

    Article Title: Developing a biomimetic tooth bud model

    doi: 10.1002/term.2246

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Capillary-like network formation within in vitro-cultured porcine dental mesenchymal (pDM)–human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) constructs. (a,b) pDM–HUVEC Gel 3 construct and (c) porcine dental epithelial (pDE)-HUVEC Gel 3 construct. Vascular network formation was observed in pDM–HUVEC GelMA Gel 3 constructs after 4 weeks of in vitro culture (a, arrows). Confocal analyses revealed organized pDM–HUVEC structures (b). No capillary-like formation was observed in pDE–HUVEC constructs (c). Bar: (a,c) 50μm (b) 10 μm.

    Article Snippet: Biomimetic 3D GelMA tooth bud constructs provide a promising model for the eventual development of functional, bioengineered replacement teeth of specified size and shape.

    Techniques: In Vitro, Cell Culture, Construct

    Parallel in vitro and in vivo bioengineered three-dimensional gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. (a) Schematic of construct fabrication. (b) Experimental timeline. (c–j) Harvested in vivo implanted GelMA tooth bud constructs. Representative bright field images of replicate in vivo GelMA constructs harvested after 3 weeks (c–f) or 6 weeks (g–j) implantation. (c’–j’) Radiographic images of corresponding bright field images indicate mineralized tissue formation (arrows) in 3-week and 6-week constructs. Bar: 2 mm. DE, dental epithelial cell; DM, dental mesenchymal cell; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell.

    Journal: Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

    Article Title: Developing a biomimetic tooth bud model

    doi: 10.1002/term.2246

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Parallel in vitro and in vivo bioengineered three-dimensional gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. (a) Schematic of construct fabrication. (b) Experimental timeline. (c–j) Harvested in vivo implanted GelMA tooth bud constructs. Representative bright field images of replicate in vivo GelMA constructs harvested after 3 weeks (c–f) or 6 weeks (g–j) implantation. (c’–j’) Radiographic images of corresponding bright field images indicate mineralized tissue formation (arrows) in 3-week and 6-week constructs. Bar: 2 mm. DE, dental epithelial cell; DM, dental mesenchymal cell; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell.

    Article Snippet: Biomimetic 3D GelMA tooth bud constructs provide a promising model for the eventual development of functional, bioengineered replacement teeth of specified size and shape.

    Techniques: In Vitro, In Vivo, Construct

    Dental cell and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) distribution within in vivo gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. (a–c) Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining revealed high cellularity and the development of bone-like tissue over time. E-cadherin (Ecad)-expressing porcine dental epithelial (pDE) cells (d–f, d’–f’ arrows) and vimentin (VM)-expressing porcine dental mesenchymal (pDM) cells (g–i, g’–i’ arrows) were detected throughout the constructs. CD31-expressing HUVECs were also detected throughoutthe constructs (j–l, j’–l’) and contributed to vascular networks in 3-weekand 6-week in vitro-cultured constructs (k’,l’ arrows ). (d’–l’) Higher magnifications of boxed regions in d–l. Bar: (a–l) 200 μm, (d’–l’) 50 μm.

    Journal: Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

    Article Title: Developing a biomimetic tooth bud model

    doi: 10.1002/term.2246

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Dental cell and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) distribution within in vivo gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. (a–c) Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining revealed high cellularity and the development of bone-like tissue over time. E-cadherin (Ecad)-expressing porcine dental epithelial (pDE) cells (d–f, d’–f’ arrows) and vimentin (VM)-expressing porcine dental mesenchymal (pDM) cells (g–i, g’–i’ arrows) were detected throughout the constructs. CD31-expressing HUVECs were also detected throughoutthe constructs (j–l, j’–l’) and contributed to vascular networks in 3-weekand 6-week in vitro-cultured constructs (k’,l’ arrows ). (d’–l’) Higher magnifications of boxed regions in d–l. Bar: (a–l) 200 μm, (d’–l’) 50 μm.

    Article Snippet: Biomimetic 3D GelMA tooth bud constructs provide a promising model for the eventual development of functional, bioengineered replacement teeth of specified size and shape.

    Techniques: In Vivo, Construct, Staining, Expressing, In Vitro, Cell Culture

    Dental cell differentiation within in vivo gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. A–i Immunohistochemical analyses of tooth and bone specific markers in 1-, 3- and 6-week in vivo constructs. The odontoblast differentiation marker dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) was detected throughout the constructs at each time-point (a–c, a’–c’). Odontoblast/osteoblast differentiationmarker osteocalcin (OC) expression increased overtime invivo (d–f, d’–f’).Ameloblast differentiationmarker amelogenin (AM) was detected throughout the constructs at all times (g–i, g’–i’). (a’–i’) Higher magnification images of boxed regions in a–i. Bar: (a–i) 200 μm, (a’–i’) 50 μm.

    Journal: Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

    Article Title: Developing a biomimetic tooth bud model

    doi: 10.1002/term.2246

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Dental cell differentiation within in vivo gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. A–i Immunohistochemical analyses of tooth and bone specific markers in 1-, 3- and 6-week in vivo constructs. The odontoblast differentiation marker dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) was detected throughout the constructs at each time-point (a–c, a’–c’). Odontoblast/osteoblast differentiationmarker osteocalcin (OC) expression increased overtime invivo (d–f, d’–f’).Ameloblast differentiationmarker amelogenin (AM) was detected throughout the constructs at all times (g–i, g’–i’). (a’–i’) Higher magnification images of boxed regions in a–i. Bar: (a–i) 200 μm, (a’–i’) 50 μm.

    Article Snippet: Biomimetic 3D GelMA tooth bud constructs provide a promising model for the eventual development of functional, bioengineered replacement teeth of specified size and shape.

    Techniques: Cell Differentiation, In Vivo, Construct, Immunohistochemical staining, Marker, Expressing

    Schematic of bioengineered neovascular formation in gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. (a) Cross-sectional and (b) longitudinal schematic along with a (c) color-coded key depicting the organization of normal blood vessel, in vitro-cultured GelMA construct capillary network formation, and neovascularization and mineralization of in vivo implanted GelMA constructs. AM, amelogenin; DSPP, dentin sialophosphoprotein; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell; OC, osteocalcin; pDE, porcine dental epithelial cell; pDM, porcine dental mesenchymal cell.

    Journal: Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

    Article Title: Developing a biomimetic tooth bud model

    doi: 10.1002/term.2246

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic of bioengineered neovascular formation in gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. (a) Cross-sectional and (b) longitudinal schematic along with a (c) color-coded key depicting the organization of normal blood vessel, in vitro-cultured GelMA construct capillary network formation, and neovascularization and mineralization of in vivo implanted GelMA constructs. AM, amelogenin; DSPP, dentin sialophosphoprotein; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell; OC, osteocalcin; pDE, porcine dental epithelial cell; pDM, porcine dental mesenchymal cell.

    Article Snippet: Biomimetic 3D GelMA tooth bud constructs provide a promising model for the eventual development of functional, bioengineered replacement teeth of specified size and shape.

    Techniques: Construct, In Vitro, Cell Culture, In Vivo

    A. DE and DM cells were seeded on thermo-responsive plates and cultured in normal DE and DM media, respectively, for 14 days. DE and DM CSs were detached by temperature reduction (20ºC) and layered over GelMA constructs to create experimental 3D tooth bud constructs (CSG = DE and DM CSs layered over dental cells encapsulated in GelMA; G = GelMA alone). For in vivo analyses, replicate constructs were cultured in osteogenic media for 4 days and implanted subcutaneously onto the backs of the rats. B. Bioengineered 3D CS - GelMA tooth bud model. The bottom layer mimics the pulp organ (5% GelMA encapsulating DM cells) and the top layer mimics the enamel organ (3% GelMA encapsulating DE cells). The DE and DM CS layers mimic polarized DE-DM cell layers normally observed in developing teeth. C. Steps used to prepare the constructs. DM cells (3×107 cells/ml) were re-suspended in 100 μL of 5% GelMA and photo-crosslinked. DM and DE cell sheets were layered over the polymerized DM 5% GelMA. DE cells (3×107 cells/ml) re-suspended in 100 μL 3% GelMA and 100 μL, layered over construct and photo-crosslinked.

    Journal: Biomaterials

    Article Title: Dental Cell Sheet Biomimetic Tooth Bud Model

    doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.024

    Figure Lengend Snippet: A. DE and DM cells were seeded on thermo-responsive plates and cultured in normal DE and DM media, respectively, for 14 days. DE and DM CSs were detached by temperature reduction (20ºC) and layered over GelMA constructs to create experimental 3D tooth bud constructs (CSG = DE and DM CSs layered over dental cells encapsulated in GelMA; G = GelMA alone). For in vivo analyses, replicate constructs were cultured in osteogenic media for 4 days and implanted subcutaneously onto the backs of the rats. B. Bioengineered 3D CS - GelMA tooth bud model. The bottom layer mimics the pulp organ (5% GelMA encapsulating DM cells) and the top layer mimics the enamel organ (3% GelMA encapsulating DE cells). The DE and DM CS layers mimic polarized DE-DM cell layers normally observed in developing teeth. C. Steps used to prepare the constructs. DM cells (3×107 cells/ml) were re-suspended in 100 μL of 5% GelMA and photo-crosslinked. DM and DE cell sheets were layered over the polymerized DM 5% GelMA. DE cells (3×107 cells/ml) re-suspended in 100 μL 3% GelMA and 100 μL, layered over construct and photo-crosslinked.

    Article Snippet: In vitro culture and in vivo implantation studies showed that the 3D GelMA biomimetic tooth bud constructs supported DE and DM cell attachment, spreading, metabolic activity, neo-vasculature formation, and mineralized tissue formation of specified size and shape in vivo [ 19 ].

    Techniques: Cell Culture, Construct, In Vivo

    H&E images (A, B, C, D) revealed extracellular matrix formation and the morphology of the DE and DM cell sheets within the bilayer GelMA constructs. The arrows indicate the DE and the DM CSs. Pol images (E, F, G, H) show the organized collagen in the extracellular matrix. IF imaging (I, J, K, L) showed the expression of VM (green) by DM cells and CK18 (red) by the DE cells.

    Journal: Biomaterials

    Article Title: Dental Cell Sheet Biomimetic Tooth Bud Model

    doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.024

    Figure Lengend Snippet: H&E images (A, B, C, D) revealed extracellular matrix formation and the morphology of the DE and DM cell sheets within the bilayer GelMA constructs. The arrows indicate the DE and the DM CSs. Pol images (E, F, G, H) show the organized collagen in the extracellular matrix. IF imaging (I, J, K, L) showed the expression of VM (green) by DM cells and CK18 (red) by the DE cells.

    Article Snippet: In vitro culture and in vivo implantation studies showed that the 3D GelMA biomimetic tooth bud constructs supported DE and DM cell attachment, spreading, metabolic activity, neo-vasculature formation, and mineralized tissue formation of specified size and shape in vivo [ 19 ].

    Techniques: Construct, Imaging, Expressing

    High magnification H&E images and IHC analyses of multilayered DE DM CSs GelMA constructs cultured in osteogenic media for 24 h and 4 days, stained with FAK, TEN and SYN4. Arrows indicate expression. Cell sheets are identified as epithelial (DE) and mesenchymal (DM). A. H&E stained DE DM CSs GelMA constructs cultured in osteogenic media for 24 h. FAK, TEN and SYN4 staining (B, C and D) were detected in the DM CSs cultured in osteogenic media for 24 h. E. H&E image of DE DM CSs GelMA constructs cultured in osteogenic media for 4 days. F. FAK staining was detected in DE and DM CSs cultured in osteogenic media for 4 days. G. TEN was detected in the DM CSs cultured in osteogenic media for 4 days. H. Faint SYN4 staining was detected in DM CSs cultured in osteogenic media for 4 days. I. No staining was detected in the negative controls. Specific staining was detected on the natural tooth bud (J. FAK, K. TEN and L. SYN4).

    Journal: Biomaterials

    Article Title: Dental Cell Sheet Biomimetic Tooth Bud Model

    doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.024

    Figure Lengend Snippet: High magnification H&E images and IHC analyses of multilayered DE DM CSs GelMA constructs cultured in osteogenic media for 24 h and 4 days, stained with FAK, TEN and SYN4. Arrows indicate expression. Cell sheets are identified as epithelial (DE) and mesenchymal (DM). A. H&E stained DE DM CSs GelMA constructs cultured in osteogenic media for 24 h. FAK, TEN and SYN4 staining (B, C and D) were detected in the DM CSs cultured in osteogenic media for 24 h. E. H&E image of DE DM CSs GelMA constructs cultured in osteogenic media for 4 days. F. FAK staining was detected in DE and DM CSs cultured in osteogenic media for 4 days. G. TEN was detected in the DM CSs cultured in osteogenic media for 4 days. H. Faint SYN4 staining was detected in DM CSs cultured in osteogenic media for 4 days. I. No staining was detected in the negative controls. Specific staining was detected on the natural tooth bud (J. FAK, K. TEN and L. SYN4).

    Article Snippet: In vitro culture and in vivo implantation studies showed that the 3D GelMA biomimetic tooth bud constructs supported DE and DM cell attachment, spreading, metabolic activity, neo-vasculature formation, and mineralized tissue formation of specified size and shape in vivo [ 19 ].

    Techniques: Construct, Cell Culture, Staining, Expressing

    H&E images and IF analyses of multilayered DE DM CSs GelMA constructs cultured in osteogenic media for 24 h and 4 days, stained with SHH, RUNX2 and BMP2 in green, and VM positive DM cells in red. The red staining identifies the DM CSs, while, the absence of red staining identifies the DE cells. Arrows indicate expression. H&E stained DE DM CSs GelMA constructs cultured in osteogenic media for 24 h (A) and 4 days (E). SHH staining was detected in DE and DM CSs after 24 h (B) and 4 days (F). RUNX2 staining was faintly detected at the interface of DE and DM CSs (C), but strongly detected at the second layer of DE CSs after 24 h (inset in the image C), and detected in DE and DM CSs after 4 days (G). BMP2 staining was detected in DE and DM CSs after 24 h (D) and 4 days (H). No staining was detected in the negative controls (I, J and K).

    Journal: Biomaterials

    Article Title: Dental Cell Sheet Biomimetic Tooth Bud Model

    doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.024

    Figure Lengend Snippet: H&E images and IF analyses of multilayered DE DM CSs GelMA constructs cultured in osteogenic media for 24 h and 4 days, stained with SHH, RUNX2 and BMP2 in green, and VM positive DM cells in red. The red staining identifies the DM CSs, while, the absence of red staining identifies the DE cells. Arrows indicate expression. H&E stained DE DM CSs GelMA constructs cultured in osteogenic media for 24 h (A) and 4 days (E). SHH staining was detected in DE and DM CSs after 24 h (B) and 4 days (F). RUNX2 staining was faintly detected at the interface of DE and DM CSs (C), but strongly detected at the second layer of DE CSs after 24 h (inset in the image C), and detected in DE and DM CSs after 4 days (G). BMP2 staining was detected in DE and DM CSs after 24 h (D) and 4 days (H). No staining was detected in the negative controls (I, J and K).

    Article Snippet: In vitro culture and in vivo implantation studies showed that the 3D GelMA biomimetic tooth bud constructs supported DE and DM cell attachment, spreading, metabolic activity, neo-vasculature formation, and mineralized tissue formation of specified size and shape in vivo [ 19 ].

    Techniques: Construct, Cell Culture, Staining, Expressing

    A. In vivo implanted 3 week constructs at harvest (G is acellular GelMA, CSG is biomimetic 3D CSs GelMA construct). B. Bright field images of an in vivo CSG construct. C. Bright field image of an in vivo acellular GelMA constructs.

    Journal: Biomaterials

    Article Title: Dental Cell Sheet Biomimetic Tooth Bud Model

    doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.024

    Figure Lengend Snippet: A. In vivo implanted 3 week constructs at harvest (G is acellular GelMA, CSG is biomimetic 3D CSs GelMA construct). B. Bright field images of an in vivo CSG construct. C. Bright field image of an in vivo acellular GelMA constructs.

    Article Snippet: In vitro culture and in vivo implantation studies showed that the 3D GelMA biomimetic tooth bud constructs supported DE and DM cell attachment, spreading, metabolic activity, neo-vasculature formation, and mineralized tissue formation of specified size and shape in vivo [ 19 ].

    Techniques: In Vivo, Construct

    A. No mineralized tissue formation was observed in the acellular GelMA constructs (G). B. Mineralized tissue formation was observed in the CSG constructs. C. 3D model of the mineralized tissue. D. Quantification of mineral density (g/cm3) of the CSG constructs. E. Comparison of mineral densities from engineered and natural mineralized tissues (pig spine, trabecular bone, cortical bone and human enamel) [1, 2]. F. Percent volume of mineralized tissue within ranges of mineral density (ROI – region of interest corresponds to the whole mineralized tissue). G. Representation of areas of mineralized tissue within the ranges of mineral densities (white color represents areas within the range). Abbreviations: MD, mineral density.

    Journal: Biomaterials

    Article Title: Dental Cell Sheet Biomimetic Tooth Bud Model

    doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.024

    Figure Lengend Snippet: A. No mineralized tissue formation was observed in the acellular GelMA constructs (G). B. Mineralized tissue formation was observed in the CSG constructs. C. 3D model of the mineralized tissue. D. Quantification of mineral density (g/cm3) of the CSG constructs. E. Comparison of mineral densities from engineered and natural mineralized tissues (pig spine, trabecular bone, cortical bone and human enamel) [1, 2]. F. Percent volume of mineralized tissue within ranges of mineral density (ROI – region of interest corresponds to the whole mineralized tissue). G. Representation of areas of mineralized tissue within the ranges of mineral densities (white color represents areas within the range). Abbreviations: MD, mineral density.

    Article Snippet: In vitro culture and in vivo implantation studies showed that the 3D GelMA biomimetic tooth bud constructs supported DE and DM cell attachment, spreading, metabolic activity, neo-vasculature formation, and mineralized tissue formation of specified size and shape in vivo [ 19 ].

    Techniques: Construct, Comparison

    No tissue formation was observed in the acellular GelMA constructs, H&E (A) and Pol (B) images. H&E stained embedded paraffin and sectioned constructs exhibited high cellularity (C, D), extensive extracellular matrix and dentin/bone-like tissue formation at the DM GelMA layer. The dashed line separates the biomimetic pulp organ (DM in the bottom layer) from the biomimetic enamel organ (DE in the top layer). Pol images (E, F) revealed organized collagen formation within the CSG constructs. IF images (G, H) show the expression of VM (green) by DM cells in the biomimetic pulp organ layer, and ECAD (red) by the DE cells in the biomimetic enamel organ of the CSG constructs.

    Journal: Biomaterials

    Article Title: Dental Cell Sheet Biomimetic Tooth Bud Model

    doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.024

    Figure Lengend Snippet: No tissue formation was observed in the acellular GelMA constructs, H&E (A) and Pol (B) images. H&E stained embedded paraffin and sectioned constructs exhibited high cellularity (C, D), extensive extracellular matrix and dentin/bone-like tissue formation at the DM GelMA layer. The dashed line separates the biomimetic pulp organ (DM in the bottom layer) from the biomimetic enamel organ (DE in the top layer). Pol images (E, F) revealed organized collagen formation within the CSG constructs. IF images (G, H) show the expression of VM (green) by DM cells in the biomimetic pulp organ layer, and ECAD (red) by the DE cells in the biomimetic enamel organ of the CSG constructs.

    Article Snippet: In vitro culture and in vivo implantation studies showed that the 3D GelMA biomimetic tooth bud constructs supported DE and DM cell attachment, spreading, metabolic activity, neo-vasculature formation, and mineralized tissue formation of specified size and shape in vivo [ 19 ].

    Techniques: Construct, Staining, Expressing